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Rachhaus

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Rauchhaus' of Austria

It is primitive as one of the 3 evils of the house is called 'smoke'

European people in 12~13centuries lived with cattle under one roof supplementing body temperature to each other and put a 'fire place' in the middle of the house and made a bonfire. (Picture 1) By this they did cooking and did overcome coldness too.
Fire place was made putting with fence, using pots or bricks and made a fire thereon though, smoke was discharged through hole of the gable or entrance exit under the eaves. Thus the air in the house was always thick with smoke.

Fire place shape' of Rauchhaus used by European people in 12~13 centuries

German language area, particularly Austria called this kind of house 'Rauchhaus'.
If translate literally, it is a 'smoke house'. As the proverb of German language area around 11 century says that '3 evils in the house are the roof raining in, nagging wife and smoke', heating of Rauchhaus method was primitive.
At a certain region suffered from smoke a shape which made the roof over the fire place with funnel form so that could make the smoke go out was appeared. By the way its size was gigantic to occupy as much as the whole roof.

Smoke discharge facility of that funnel form was called 'Rauchhaus'. 'Rauchhaus' form was prevailed in mountainous area of the Alps especially in 17~18 centuries.
This shape of heating system eased smoke agony as smoke got out of the house well while a big drawback was seen.
It is because why heating effect was not good enough. Because heat in the house too got out of together through the passage that smoke gets out of.